{"id":666,"date":"2020-01-13T20:53:41","date_gmt":"2020-01-13T23:53:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/?p=666"},"modified":"2020-01-13T20:53:44","modified_gmt":"2020-01-13T23:53:44","slug":"construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Construindo Ferramentas com GitHub #3"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Importantes_Headers\" >Importantes Headers<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Hypermedia_da_API\" >Hypermedia da API<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Autenticacao\" >Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Autenticacao_por_Usuario_e_Senha\" >Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o por Usu\u00e1rio e\nSenha<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Beneficios_da_Autenticacao_por_meio_de_Usuario\" >Benef\u00edcios da Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o por\nmeio de Usu\u00e1rio<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/construindo-ferramentas-com-github-3\/#Desvantagens_da_Autenticacao_por_meio_de_Usuario\" >Desvantagens da Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o\npor meio de Usu\u00e1rio<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importantes_Headers\"><\/span><strong>Importantes Headers<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00eas headers est\u00e3o presentes em\ntoda resposta da API GitHub que traz informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a API do GitHub. Eles s\u00e3o X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining e X-RateLimit-Reset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O header do X-GitHub-Media-Type\ncont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es importantes quando voc\u00ea est\u00e1 recuperando o conte\u00fado do text\nou blob da API.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quando voc\u00ea faz um request\npara a API GitHub voc\u00ea pode especificar o formato voc\u00ea deseja trabalhar por\nmeio do Accept header que \u00e9 enviado no seu request.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hypermedia_da_API\"><\/span><strong>Hypermedia da API<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Execute curl -i <a href=\"https:\/\/api.github.com\">https:\/\/api.github.com<\/a> para ver os endpoint e\nent\u00e3o escolhermos um que queremos utilizar. Os endpoint est\u00e3o mapeados entre as\nchaves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\n&#8220;current_user_url&#8221;: &#8220;https:\/\/api.github.com\/user&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;organization_url&#8221;:\n&#8220;https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/{org}&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para utilizar um endpoint basta\nsubstituir os par\u00e2metros que s\u00e3o mut\u00e1veis por seus par\u00e2metros. Por exemplo,\nvamos pegar o endpoint <a href=\"https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/%7borg%7d\">https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/{org}<\/a>\ne substituir o par\u00e2metro {org} por github.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Execute o comando curl <a href=\"https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/github\">https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/github<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &#8220;login&#8221;: &#8220;github&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &#8220;id&#8221;: 9919,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &#8220;node_id&#8221;:\n&#8220;MDEyOk9yZ2FuaXphdGlvbjk5MTk=&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &#8220;url&#8221;:\n&#8220;https:\/\/api.github.com\/orgs\/github&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;description&#8221;: &#8220;How people build\nsoftware.&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\n&#8220;name&#8221;: &#8220;GitHub&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\n&#8220;company&#8221;: null,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\n&#8220;blog&#8221;: &#8220;https:\/\/github.com\/about&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; &#8220;location&#8221;:\n&#8220;San Francisco, CA&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\n&#8220;email&#8221;: &#8220;support@github.com&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;created_at&#8221;:\n&#8220;2008-05-11T04:37:31Z&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;updated_at&#8221;:\n&#8220;2019-10-15T14:32:53Z&#8221;,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;type&#8221;: &#8220;Organization&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Com este comando podemos ver\nalgumas informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o GitHub. Descobrimos o blog da empresa <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/about\">https:\/\/github.com\/about<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3s tamb\u00e9m podemos ver onde a\nempresa est\u00e1 localizada San Francisco, CA, h\u00e1 tamb\u00e9m a data de cria\u00e7\u00e3o da\nempresa 11\/05\/2008. Mas olhando no blog da empresa a data de lan\u00e7amento foi em\nAbril de 2008 <a href=\"https:\/\/github.blog\/2008-04-10-we-launched\/\">https:\/\/github.blog\/2008-04-10-we-launched\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Todas essas informa\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o p\u00fablicas\nna API. Mas a API do GitHub tem muito mais recursos para usu\u00e1rios autenticados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por exemplo, para voc\u00ea usar a\nAPI para escrever dados dentro do GitHub, voc\u00ea precisa saber como se faz a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o\nna API.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Autenticacao\"><\/span><strong>Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e1 dois caminhos para o pedido\nde autentica\u00e7\u00e3o na API do GitHub: por usu\u00e1rio e senha (HTTP Basic) e OAuth\ntokens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Autenticacao_por_Usuario_e_Senha\"><\/span><strong>Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o por Usu\u00e1rio e\nSenha<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voc\u00ea pode acessar o conte\u00fado\nprotegido do GitHub por meio de usu\u00e1rio e senha. Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o por usu\u00e1rio\nfunciona utilizando o HTTP Basic authentication que \u00e9 suportado pela flag -u no\ncURL. Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 sin\u00f4nimo de utilizar usu\u00e1rio e senha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Digite o comando curl -u\nblackzig <a href=\"https:\/\/api.github.com\/rate_limit\">https:\/\/api.github.com\/rate_limit<\/a>,\nblackzig \u00e9 o usu\u00e1rio que eu utilizo, coloque no lugar o seu usu\u00e1rio. O sistema\nvai pedir para voc\u00ea digitar a senha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enter host password for user &#8216;blackzig&#8217;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">{<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;rate&#8221;: {<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8220;limit&#8221;: 5000,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8220;remaining&#8221;: 5000,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &#8220;reset&#8221;: 1578957730<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp; }<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As informa\u00e7\u00f5es apresentadas\ns\u00e3o os limites da sua conta, estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00f3 podem ser acessadas via autentica\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Beneficios_da_Autenticacao_por_meio_de_Usuario\"><\/span><strong>Benef\u00edcios da Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o por\nmeio de Usu\u00e1rio<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A maioria das bibliotecas de\nclientes tem suporte para a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o HTTP Basic. Voc\u00ea pode at\u00e9 escrever seu\npr\u00f3prio cliente de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o utilizando o HTTP que ir\u00e1 funcionar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Desvantagens_da_Autenticacao_por_meio_de_Usuario\"><\/span><strong>Desvantagens da Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o\npor meio de Usu\u00e1rio<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e1 muitas raz\u00f5es que faz com\nque o m\u00e9todo de usu\u00e1rio e senha sejam errados para ter acesso a API do GitHub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HTTP Basic \u00e9 um protocolo\nvelho que n\u00e3o foi pensado para o uso em web services. N\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel especificar\ncertos recursos de web service se o usu\u00e1rio tem que se autenticar com usu\u00e1rio\/senha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Se voc\u00ea usar o usu\u00e1rio e senha\npara acessar o conte\u00fado da API do GitHub a partir de um celular, e depois\nacessar a API via laptop, voc\u00ea n\u00e3o tem como bloquear o acesso de um sem bloquear\no outro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HTTP Basic authentication n\u00e3o\nsuporta extens\u00f5es para a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o que s\u00e3o feitas hoje (authentication flow)\n<a href=\"https:\/\/community.axway.com\/s\/article\/Authentication-Flows-1529678102660\">https:\/\/community.axway.com\/s\/article\/Authentication-Flows-1529678102660<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Muitos servi\u00e7os modernos\nsuportam o two-factor authentication e n\u00e3o tem como fazer isto sem mudar o HTTP\ndo cliente (por exemplo, web browsers) ou pelo menos agir como o esperado (o\nbrowser repete o request).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Todos esses problemas s\u00e3o\nresolvidos (ou pelo menos melhorado) com o Oauth. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Importantes Headers Tr\u00eas headers est\u00e3o presentes em toda resposta da API GitHub que traz informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a API do GitHub. Eles s\u00e3o X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining e X-RateLimit-Reset. O header do X-GitHub-Media-Type cont\u00e9m informa\u00e7\u00f5es importantes quando voc\u00ea est\u00e1 recuperando o conte\u00fado do text ou blob da API. Quando voc\u00ea faz um request para a API GitHub voc\u00ea [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70,71],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-git","category-github"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=666"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":667,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/666\/revisions\/667"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/360"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/micheladrianomedeiros.com.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}